Furnace.



Patented May l3, I902.

E. H. GOWING.

F U B N A C E.

(Application filed July 6, 1901.

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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Patented may l3, I902.

H. 00mm;

FURNACE. (Application filed July 6, 1901.)

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Patented May I3, I902; E. H. sowme.

FURNACE.

(Application filed July 6, 1901.)

4 Shaet sz-Sheet 4.

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PETERS (20,, PHOTD LITHO.,WASNINGTON n c the type wherein the fuel is fed from beneath UNITED "STATES,

T- OFFER.

EARLE I-IQGOWING, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS...

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 700,036, dated May 13, 1902. Application filed July 6 1901 Serial No. 67,358. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, EARLE'I'I. Gowlno, of Reading, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is arspecification;

This invention has relationv to furnaces of.

by an underfeed mechanical stoker, as shown in the patent vto Barrus,No..6 l6,4O8, dated. April 3, 1900. In the practical operation of such furnaces having a retort'wh'ic'h extends across the back end of the furnace with twyers located along the front and rear of its mouth it has been found that mostof the air isdischarged through the coalint'he immediate neighborhood of the twyers and compara-= tively little is forced up through the solid body of fuel withinand above the retort. The distribution of the air through the mass of burning coal is thus restricted, and consequently the steam-producing capacity of the boiler is likewise restricted. One reason for the lack of thorough distribution of air isthe" fact that the surface of the coal above the retort pitches forward by the law of gravitation, the depth of coal above the rear line of twyers being much greater than the depth above the front row. The increased thickness along the rear prevents this part of'the furnace from receiving a fair proportion of the air supplied, owing to the greater resistance of the fuel to the passage. of' said air.- Hence to secure a thoroughly satisfactory. distribution of the air, and consequently a wide range of capacity in the working of the boiler,is the object of the present invention. Instead of placing the two rows of twyers on the same level I provide a construction'in which the rear line of twyers is el'evateda sufficient distance above the front line so that the thickness of coal lying above it is no greater than-that over the front row, in which case the'resistance offered to the passage of air through the'fuel isno greater at one point than at the other.

Again, according tomy invention I provide for the distribution of air over a larger area, which can be done in several ways. One method of securing the required distribution is to remove a number of the rectan gular twyer-blocks which form the straight rows and put in their places projecting blocks-that is, tWyer-blocks which projectv "instead of a straight line, being set upon al- I ternate projections and indentations in the front and rear walls-of the retort. Another method of providingfor the better distribu- J tion of air isto increase the number of twyer: blocks by providing one or more longitudinal air boxes o'r ducts connecting the front and rear boxes. These longitudinal air boxes or ducts extend across the retort from front to 'rear and are inclined upward from front to rear to receive the lawyer-blocks, which are placed upon their tops and which are provided with air-outlets on either side. These 'twyers may'extend either the whole distance across-the retort, forming a continuous row of blocks; or one or more twyers, either rectangular or circular, may beplaced over the box between the front and rear-rows.

Another arrangement is the. extension-of the longitudinal air box or ductany desired distance in front of thefront air-box along the top of the dead-plates and the provision of twyer-blocks located onth top of these extensions. The longitudinal air-boxes and the extensions to the same, as also the pro-* jecting' twyer-blocks, can be used either in connection with the front and rear transverse air-boxesplaced at different elevations, in which case they are either inclined or stepped upward from front to rear, or in connection with the same when placed on the same level, in either case the object being to increase the area over which the air is distrib-ut'edbysthe use ofthe twyers.

From this brief description it will be seen that my invention consists"inniea'ns forsecuring a thorough distribution'of air'through and among the burning coal in this type of mechanical stoker or any other mechanical stoker to which the coal is fed at the back of the furnace and in which consequently the to front, so that the ashes and clinkers are deposited in the front of the furnace.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section showing a mechanical stoker of the type referred to, having a row of transverse twyerblocks at both the front and rear of the retort. Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate another embodiment of the invention. Figsdand 5illustrate an embodiment of the invention in which the front row of twyer-boxes is provided with forwardly-projecting extensions. Figs; 6, 7, and 8 illustrate a system of air distribution in which the intermediate longitudinallyarranged twyer-blocks are interposed between the front and rear rows of blocks.

Referring more particularly to Fig. '1, the stoker here shown is represented as being applied to a water-tube boiler, but a small portion of which is illustrated. Said stoker comprises the dead-plates P and means for feeding the coal from beneath, as indicated in the said Barrus patent, to the magazine, which through the lateral openings (1.

extends across the rear end of the furnace.

(t represents the front air-box, and b the rear air-box, connected together at the ends by d ucts (shown in dotted lines) and supplied with air under pressure from the front through the channel 0. The air passes from the top of the air-boxes through openings into the bottom of thehollow twyer-blocks and from this point emerges into the body of the coal The twyerblocks 6 in the rear row are placed at a higher elevation than the blocks fin the front row, the increased height of the blocks (2 above the blocks fbeing such as to conform to the natural slope of the surface of the coal which is fed up through the retort. This increase in height requires to be eight inches, or thereabout, to secure the desired equality of airdistribution, although this height depends somewhat upon the character of the coal which is used and somewhat upon the width of the retort or distance of the two lines of twyers from each other.

The front air-box a and the rear air-box Z) are connected by wings or ducts at the end of the retort, as previously explained. In place of some of the twyer-blocks, which would ot-herwise be in the straight row, either at the front or rear, there are projecting twyerblocks As here represented, every third block is a projecting twyer, and the intermediate ones occupy substantially the originallocation. Ifpreferred,theymaybeplaced at any other distance apart as may be found most desirable. They may be inclined, as the blocks e are shown, or stepped or level, as may be preferred, and they may be placed alternately at the front and rear, as shown, or opposite each other. In the projecting blocks the air-outlets h may be located on the face of the block in the same relative po sition with reference to the body of the block as in those placed in the straight row, or they may be located in both the sides and face, as

shown in the blocks .2 in Fig. 3. Instead of the arrangement of the air-boxes shown in the drawings, which are the same asthose shown in Fig. 1, the top of the air-box, both front and rear, may be arranged in sinuous form and the projecting twyer located on the projecting part.

A modified arrangement of the projecting twyers is shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The projections t' here extend from the front row of twyer-blocks forward toward the front portion of the furnace as far as may be desired, these being provided with side outlets for the discharge of air. This arrangement may be used either in place of that shown in Figs. 2 and 3 or in combination therewith, as preferred, or it maybe used without the rear air-box and rear twy'er-blocks, if it is desired to dispense with them.

In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 I have shown an arrangement of retort and twyers in which the front and rear air-box is connected at Various points by longitudinal boxes or channels 7', surmounted by twyer-blocks m, the transverse air-boxes a and I) being the same as those shown in Fig. 1. The longitudinal airbox j, which extends from the front box to the rear box and the twyers above, is in line with corresponding twyer-blocks at the two ends in the front and rear rows. figures the longitudinal boxtakes the place of every third twyer, the distance between two consecutive boxes being the width of two blocks. I do not confine myself, however, to this number, as the longitudinal blocks may be introduced at every alternate space or at greaterdistances than shown in the drawings, as may be found desirable. To enable the coal to pass up from the body of the retort without undue resistance, the bottom of the fore-andaft box is made tapering, as shown at 7.; inthe cross-section, Fig. 8. This section also shows the location of the outlets of the twyer, which are placed on each side near the top. These blocks can be arranged either with straightinclined tops, making a smooth surface, as shown, or they can be arranged so as to form a series of horizontal steps, as may be preferred. I do not confine myself in this case to the use of a continuous row of individual blocks located on the longitudinal box, but these can be arranged with spaces between them, placing, if desired, a single onein the center, or any number desired, with intermediate spaces. These can be made rectangular with side outlets n or with both side outlets and rear outlets, or they may be made circular with on tlcts encircling the entire circumference or only a portion of the circumference.

As an equivalent of the arrangement of longitudinal twyer-blocks shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 these blocks maybe extended forward from the front of the transverse air-box toward the front portion of the furnace as far as may be desired and the air-outlets continued on the side as far as the block ex- In these.

tends. In case small individual blocks are used these may be placed on the top of the extension of theair-box toward the front, and

theymay form a continuous'row, or they may consist of individual blocks, either'rectangular or circular, separated by spaces, the same as those referred to for the fore and-aft twyers. Either of these arrangements of longitudinal twyer-blocks or projecting twyers referred to can be applied toa retort having front and rear air-boxes on the same level,"

andI do not confine myself solely to their use on an incline, as specially illustrated in the drawings. Furthermore, it is not essential,

even if inclined, that they should be arranged with a uniform incline, for,if found desirable, they may be placed so that the upper su rfaces may conform to the natural slope which the coal assumes'in being discharged from the retort into the furnace.

I do not confine myself in my invention to the exact combinations of projecting twyers, longitudinal twyers, and transverse twyers referred to or as illustrated in the drawings, for they may be arranged-in other ways, and I desire to use any combination of the devices referred to which may accomplish the objects sought in substantially the same manner. I do not confine myself to the use of the longitudinal twyers and the projecting twyers .endof the furnace, a plurality of twyers extending transverse] yv of the furnace and ris-v ing one above the other from the front to the rear of the furnace.

' 2.- In an underfeedmechanical stoker in which the coal is supplied to a magazine or retort extending transversely across the-rear end of the furnace, one or more rows of twyers transverse to said furnace, said row or rows including a plurality of twyers projecting beyond the remainder of the twyers in the said row or rows, so as to produce a more thorough distribution of the air throughout the fuel and above the retort.

3. In an underfeed mechanical stoker in which the coal is supplied toa magazine or retort extending transversely across the-rear end of the furnace, a front air-box to which theair is supplied under pressure, a row of twyers connected to said box, and having one 'ormoreprojecting twyers, so as to produce a thorough distribution of the air throughout the fuel;

-4. In an underfeed mechanical stoker in which the coal is supplied to'a magazine or retort extending transversely across the rearend of the furnace, afro nt air-boxand a rear air-box to which the air is suppliedunder pressure,- rows of twyerssurmounting said boxes, one or more longitudinal airboxes connecting the two first-mentioned boxes, and one or more twyer-blocks surmounting said longitudinal air box or boxes and having air-outlets, substantially as described.

In testimony nature in presence of two witnesses. I

' U EARLE 'HJGOWING. Witnessesi M. B. MAY, 0.0. STECHER.

whereof I have affixed my S g- 

